Positive Messaging Essential to Help Complex Afghan Peace Process: Foreign Secretary Pakistan’s foreign secretary Aizaz Ahmed Chaudhry says the speed with which the Quadrilateral Coordination Group (QCG) has moved reflects the commitment of all stakeholders to the Afghan peace and reconciliation. In a meeting with the Afghan members of the civil society, currently visiting Pakistan as part of the Beyond Boundaries – Pak-Afghan Track II/1.5 initiative undertaken by an Islamabad based Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), the chief diplomat said that Pakistan believes in a sovereign, united, prosperous, peaceful Afghanistan. This is in the interest of the entire region and that is why Pakistan together with the US and China is doing its best to help Afghans achieve the goal of peace and stability. “Hope and faith in the process as well as in Pakistan’s sincerity in the peace efforts will work better than continuous blame-game and skepticism”, Mr. Chaudhry added while underlining that you could inspire confidence only by staying positive. "Pakistan has developed a complete national consensus to counter-terrorism. The state of Pakistan is determined to deal with all those militants across the board who are killing innocent women and children both in Pakistan and Afghanistan". With regard to peace process in Afghanistan, the foreign secretary said "We must, sequence the process and take a step-by-step approach rather than coming up with pre-conditions by either side in an extremely complex and difficult process”. Pointing to the aggravated security situation, factional divisions and emergence of Daesh, Mr. Chaudhry said these factors posed big challenge to the QCG process but hoped that given the resolve of all four countries, they were not insurmountable.   The foreign secretary also gave the Afghan delegation a run-down of the QCG meetings held so far and hoped its concerted efforts would result in direct intra-Afghan talks sooner than later. In that...

by Imtiaz Gul Does the meeting between the heads of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) and Afghanistan’s National Directorate of Security (NDS) on February 4 mark the turning of a new page in bilateral relations? Ostensibly, yes. And for a number of reasons. First, following the revelation of Mullah Omar’s death last year, the hostility towards Pakistan in Afghanistan had peaked to unprecedented levels. As a consequence, most of the leadership in Kabul had refused to travel to Islamabad. Most Afghan political parties and the media were up in arms, questioning their government and Pakistan’s motives for proposing intelligence cooperation. The NDS Director-General Masud Andrabi’s presence in Islamabad means the Afghan security establishment has ended the self-imposed ban on coming over. This is indeed a big step forward, given the acrimonious context prevailing since July last year. Second, on January 30, Corps Commander Lieutenant General Mohammad Sharif Yaftali led an eight-member delegation of the Afghan National Army to Peshawar Corps Headquarters, where rare consultations were held with Corps Commander Lieutenant General Hidayatur Rehman on enhancing coordination and security measures on both sides of the border, a demand Pakistan has often flagged with Afghanistan as part of its counter-terrorism campaign. Third, this rare face-to-face NDS-ISI interaction came ahead of the Quadrilateral Contact Group’s (QCG) February 6 round, sparking hopes that both sides were possibly inching towards closer cooperation — an unavoidable prerequisite for making some sense out of the QCG’s incremental approach on the reconciliation endeavour. Viewed against former NDS chief Rahmatullah Nabeel’s hawkish views on Pakistan (and his aversion to the word ‘border’ for the Durand Line) and the sheer displeasure that he had expressed in his resignation a day before the Heart of Asia Conference on December 9 in Islamabad, Andrabi’s discussions with General Rizwan Akhtar assumed...

The peace process should continue with added transparency and in line with globally accepted fundamental values. Increasing bilateral trade and expeditious completion of Pakistani infrastructural projects in Afghanistan can be conducive to improving Af-Pak economic relations. The role of free media can be of an enormous significance in improving mutual perceptions. The fundamental human rights of Afghan - with their refugee status in Pakistan - should not be ignored while also facilitating their voluntary repatriation to their homeland. The cultural ties between Afghanistan and Pakistan should be promoted by building on existing historical linkages. Opportunities for educational collaboration must be explored and considered by both the governments. Pakistan and Afghanistan - reviewing respective educational curricula - can promote universal values of tolerance, peace and civic education. Mobilizing private sector investments needs enabling environment. These were the notions presented by the members of Pakistani and Afghan civil society working groups during the regional civil society workshop held from February 8-9, 2016 at Bhurban. The workshop was a fifth major round in the series of meetings between civil society and regional security experts of both countries as part of “Beyond Boundaries”, a major Af-Pak track 1.5 and II initiative launched by an Islamabad based Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS) - in partnership with its Afghan counterpart organization, DURAN Research and Analysis (DRA) and sub-national partner (Pakistan), the Foundation for Integrated Development Action (FIDA) as an effort to improve relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan, soothe bitter context, tackle trust deficit which can somehow de-escalate the heightened tensions and improve mutual perceptions. The Afghan and Pakistani working groups welcomed the Quadrilateral dialogue and the decision taken by respective states to hold another session on Feb 23rd 2016 in the hope...

by Murtaza Hussain A group of men from the militant Islamist group Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan infiltrated the campus of Bacha Khan University in northwestern Pakistan. Armed with assault rifles and grenades, they managed to kill over 20 students and faculty before they were gunned down by local security forces. The attack managed to shock a country that for years has endured terrorist outrages. That the killings occurred at a university, targeting innocent students and teachers, made them feel particularly heinous. But the attack was also remarkable because Pakistan, for more than a year, had appeared to be on the way to finally defeating its homegrown insurgency. And despite the horror of what happened at Bacha Khan, that still seems to be the case. Last year saw precipitous decreases in both terrorist attacks and fatalities in Pakistan. Though exact figures differ, statistics compiled by the South Asia Terrorism Portal, the research arm of the New Delhi-based Institute for Conflict Management, as well as a study by the Islamabad-based Center for Research and Security Studies, a pro-democracy think tank, showed significant decreases in violence in the country. A CRSS study said terrorist incidents declined 56 percent in 2015 from 2014, and the SATP, which conducts a running tally of terrorism figures, said that Pakistan in 2015 suffered the lowest number of suicide attacks and deaths from terrorism since 2006. These reported declines follow Pakistan’s initiation in 2014 of a large-scale military operation against Taliban sanctuaries in the ungoverned tribal areas bordering Afghanistan. That effort, which is ongoing, has succeeded in reclaiming most territory in the tribal areas. The seven years preceding this operation coincided with the escalation of the American war in Afghanistan and were among the bloodiest in Pakistan’s history. Those years saw a deluge of terrorist attacks that targeted markets, shrines, mosques, and major landmarks throughout the country....