Current Projects

Al-Qaida’s War on China; Pakistan’s role and threat perception

Introduction: The economic giant China currently faces mounting threat from the Islamist East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) militant group in its north-western Xinjiang province, the Uyghur Muslim majority autonomous region. Following a crackdown by Chinese authorities in the 90s the leaders of the group fled to Afghanistan where Taliban regime provided them shelter. After the ouster of Taliban regime in December 2001 in the wake of the US-led invasion the ETIM fighters retreated into Pakistan’s semi-autonomous Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) bordering Afghanistan. Ever since ETIM increasingly became influenced by al-Qaeda’s philosophy of global Jihad. The first issue of ‘Resurgence’, a new magazine launched by Al-Qaida in Subcontinent (AQIS) also reflects this close nexus between ETIM and al-Qaida. The organization spells out ten reasons to support its ‘war’ against China. Uyghur Militancy: Background Before explaining the ten points a brief background on the evolution of ETIM may not be out of place. ETIM was founded in 90s by Hasan Mahsum, who was killed by Pakistani troops in 2003 in FATAs Waziristan region. ETIM seeks an independent state called East Turkestan that would cover an area including parts of Turkey, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). Mahsum’s successor Abdul Haq was also a member of Al-Qaida’s Shura Council in 2005[1], who too was killed in a US drone strike in North Waziristan in 2010. Abdul Shakoor al-Turkistani succeeded Haq and led the organization until a US drone strike took him out in 2012. Abdullah Mansoor has been since leading the organization, occasionally issuing statements on the objectives of his organization. In an interview with Reuters news agency quoted in the magazine The Diplomat, Abdullah Mansoor called China “the enemy of all Muslims” and said that the “fight against China is our Islamic responsibility.”[2] Interactions between Uyghur...

Pakistan; one more life lost in the name of blasphemy

On November 6, another man, Syed Tufail Haider was killed by a police officer Faraz Naveed in prison on false accusations of blasphemy in Gujrat, Punjab province of Pakistan.  District Police Officer (DPO) Gujrat, Rai Ijaz Ahmad while talking to media said that Haider was killed because he hurled abuses at Naveed and it had nothing to do with blasphemy. Moreover, the accused was also a mentally retard, who had been taken into custody many times earlier and later freed when nothing substantial was found against him. Originally belonging to district Jhang of Punjab, Haider had come to Gujrat to meet his relatives who did not receive him and thus was wandering in the streets scuffling with people and taken into custody by police. Meanwhile, earlier on November 4, a Christian couple - Shehzad and his spouse Shama - were beaten to death and their bodies burnt in the brick kiln where they worked. Their crime; allegedly desecrating a copy of the Holy Quran. The incident took place at the town of Kot Radha Kishan, some 60 kilometers (KM) southwest of Lahore, capital of Pakistan’s most populous Punjab province. This latest incident shows the mounting incidents of violence perpetrated under the cover of Pakistan’s Blasphemy laws, despite several protests and proposals by jurists and human rights watchdogs to bring about substantial changes to the laws to prevent their abuse. The table below provides a cursory look at the number of cases related to blasphemy, including 22 people who have been convicted to death but are still awaiting executions. Blasphemy Cases – 1953- November 7, 2014 Blasphemy Accused-November 7, 2014 Numbers Accused 508 Extrajudicial 61 Desecration 59 Acquitted 44 Death Sentence 22 Harassment 18 Lynching attempt 13 Life imprisonment 11 Imprisonment 1 Bailed 9 Jailed 9 Mild punishment 7 False Charges 6 Death in prison 6 Bail rejected 4 Extrajudicial attempt 4 Persecution 3 Acquittal /Extrajudicial 2 Ordered to make changes 2 Accused verbally 1 Appeal 1...

The Expanding World of ISIS: Affiliates and Associates

With increasing competition between the two ideological twins i.e. Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and Sham (ISIS), the two have hitherto shown their will and resolve to contest over wearing the crown of global jihad and being the umbrella jihadi organization of worldwide jihadi forces. Another key issue is to show strength and influence in order to gain media attention. The ISIS, though, quite new on the scene with not very experienced leadership has been able to flex its muscle by carving out Syrian and Iraqi territories and announcing a renegade Islamic State. On the other hand 26-year old Al-Qaeda (b.1988) under the leadership of experienced Zawahiri is living in shadows. In order to stay in limelight, Zawahiri has recently announced the creation of new Al-Qaeda wing, the Al-Qaeda in Indian Subcontinent (AQIS)[1]. While Baghdadi’s ISIS non-stop tremendous track record has attracted the attention of radical jihadi groups worldwide. The creation of Islamic State (aka ISIS and Daash) has allowed a plethora of jihadis to seek the ISIS franchise. Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi whose real name is Ibrahim Awwad Ibrahim al-Badri (aka Abu Dua) proclaimed his caliphate with a message to all Islamist groups, he said, “It is incumbent upon all Muslims to pledge allegiance [to him], once the caliph and his fighters arrive in a particular area, the legality of all emirates, groups, states, and organizations, becomes null by the expansion of the khalifah’s authority.[2]” By September 2014, a wide range of Islamist terrorist groups have either pledged allegiance or supported ISIS: Tehreek-e-Khilafat Pakistan Indonesian Mujahedeen, East Timor Liwa Ahrar al-Sunna, Lebanon Jamaat Ansar Bait al-Maqdis, Sinai, Egypt Jaish al-Sahaba (Supporter of the Companions), Syria Al-Huda Battalion (part of Jund al-Khalifa aka The Soldiers of the Caliphate), Algerians in Syria Boko Haram, Nigeria (supported) Okba Ibn Nafaa Battalion,(part of Ansar al-Sharia), Tunisia Al-Tawheed Brigade in...

Post-NATO Challenges in Afghanistan

Afghanistan currently finds itself in a unique situation, and promising bilateral and multi-lateral opportunities for a regionally coordinated support mechanism for Afghanistan are emerging like, US-Pakistan Convergences, China – Pakistan Convergence, China-led efforts for a regional forum to help and steer Afghan peace and development efforts, New Afghan leadership, Acknowledgement of Pakistan’s centrality to the Afghan reconciliation process by the US, China, Iran and Afghans themselves. In order to analyze, let us first have a look at how the US is repositioning itself and redefining its future role in Afghanistan US Afghan Policy The new Af-Pak envoy Danial Feldmann has come out with the contours of what seems to be the new policy on Afghanistan and looks like a marked departure from Washington’s policies so far: (Atlantic Council in Washington while discussing the status of Pak US relationship. (Washington, DC, October 14, 2014) Firstly, he acknowledged Pakistan’s efforts and sufferings as a result of involvement in the war on terrorism. But Pakistan has also suffered dramatically. Over 50,000 Pakistani lives have been lost as a result of terrorism. Pakistan’s economy has suffered dramatically. Growth prospects have fallen. In recent times, inward investment and exports have declined, as security concerns have compounded the energy deficit. Secondly, healso acknowledged how the US mission in Kabulshaped and influenced opinionin Washington: It is no secret that for the last decade, the American approach to the region has been filtered through the lens of our mission in Afghanistan. The U.S. effort in Afghanistan – in human, material, and financial terms – drove our focus. Perhaps no relationship has been more affected than Pakistan. Feldmann moreover underscored Commitment to continue political and financial support to Pakistan, and Afghanistan beyond 2014: “It is a misconception that we will not be there. We will be there in significant numbers. The combat...

Blasphemy charge costs more lives; will the state move?

On November 4, a Christian couple - Shehzad and his spouse Shama - were beaten to death and their bodies burnt in the brick kiln where they worked. Their crime; allegedly desecrating a copy of the Holy Quran. The incident took place at the town of Kot Radha Kishan, some 60 kilometers (KM) southwest of Lahore, capital of Pakistan’s most populous Punjab province. This latest incident shows the mounting incidents of violence perpetrated under the cover of Pakistan’s Blasphemy laws, despite several protests and proposals by jurists and human rights watchdogs to bring about substantial changes to the laws to prevent their abuse. The table below provides a cursory look at the number of cases related to blasphemy, including 22 people who have been convicted to death but are still awaiting executions. Blasphemy cases – 1953 – 25 Sep 2014 Source: CRSS Earlier in September 2014, a similar case has shocked Pakistan when Muhammad Asghar, a 70-year old British, was shot and wounded by a prison guard at Adiyala Jail, Rawalpindi. The mentally ill Asghar was sentenced to death for claiming to be a prophet. Pakistan’s blasphemy laws continue to stoke fears. Critics often say that most of the accused usually are the victims of abuse of this law. Blasphemy is a serious offence and punishable to death according to article 295-c of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC). Article 295-C states: Whoever by words, either spoken or written, or by visible representation or by any imputation, innuendo, or insinuation, directly or indirectly, defiles the sacred name of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) shall be punished with death, or imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. Since the inception of blasphemy laws in 1991, CRSS report indicates that 59 persons have been extra judicially murdered in the country.  Among them were nine women as well. Two of these extra judicially murdered persons were Iqbal Butt and Muhammad Imran, who were slain even after getting acquitted by...

Don’t miss Exclusive PTV show Hum Bhi Pakistan about “National Assembly and action for FATA Reforms” on Sunday Nov 02, 2014 at 6:00 pm on PTV News

Topic National Assembly and action for FATA Reforms Guests ​Senator Afrasiyab Khatak. ANP Dr. G.G. Jamal Theme The programme discusses administrative and legal hurdles in the way to reforms in FATA and establishes the constitutional point that it is for the Senate and National Assembly of Pakistan to legislate for reforms in FATA and this is the responsibility of the federal government to prepare a package of reforms and get it approved from Senate and National Assembly with the support of political parties.

The CRSS Starts Radio Drama Series ‘BADLOON’

Radio programs have successfully served as a means to encourage an informed discourse on religions harmony and tolerance, social cohesion, education, accountability and rule of law.. The Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS) has been using radio as an effective tool  for its advocacy on social and political issues to  highlight the need for an inclusive and tolerant dialogue among communities. CRSS has started airing  a radio drama series ‘BADLOON (Badloon means ‘change’)  from 05th November 2014 every Wednesday and Friday at 03:45pm from FM 101.5 with AM 1170 KHz Peshawar and AM 711 D-I-Khan. The core intent of the endeavor is to underscore the imperatives of peaceful conflict resolution, inculcate the spirit for tolerance for others’s views, Rule of law and to motivate public to strive for equal citizenry, rights and good governance in individual capacity.

Pakistan blasphemy laws continue to stoke fears:

Yet another case of handling a blasphemy accused extra judicially occurred in September 2014, when Muhammad Asghar, a 70-year old British, was shot and wounded by a prison guard at Adiyala Jail, Rawalpindi. The mentally ill Asghar was sentenced to death for claiming to be a prophet. Pakistan’s blasphemy laws continue to stoke fears. Critics often say that most of the accused usually are the victims of abuse of this law. Blasphemy is a serious offence and punishable to death according to article 295-c of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC). Article 295-C states: Whoever by words, either spoken or written, or by visible representation or by any imputation, innuendo, or insinuation, directly or indirectly, defiles the sacred name of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) shall be punished with death, or imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. Since the inception of blasphemy laws in 1991, CRSS report indicates that 59 persons have been extra judicially murdered in the country.  Among them were nine women as well. Two of these extra judicially murdered persons were Iqbal Butt and Muhammad Imran, who were slain even after getting acquitted by the court. Meanwhile, four people were also injured in an attempt of extra judicial murder. In 2010, Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) Member National Assembly (MNA) Sherry Rehman submitted a private member’s bill seeking amendment to Pakistan’s blasphemy laws. The bill was drafted to provide proportionate penalties for each offence by reducing terms of imprisonment and removing the life sentence and death penalty entirely. However, she later withdrew the bill which then Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani said, “was according to party policy.” In January 2011, then Governor of Punjab Province Salmaan Taseer was killed in capital city, Islamabad, by his own guard for supporting Asia Bibi convicted for blasphemy and seeking reforms to the Blasphemy laws. Furthermore, later that year in March, Shahbaz Bhatti, minister...

What is our fundamental interest?

What is Pakistan’s fundamental interest? This question has been making rounds in Islamabad’s diplomatic circles, with even countries considered very close to Pakistan wondering if the leadership realizes the futility of its obsolete rhetoric and the gravity of its imminent consequences. The inaugural ceremony of Invest Pakistan International Conference (Oct 27) provided the latest triggers – as viewed by a foreign participant. The prime minister walked in flanked by his military ADCs to his right and left, followed by ministers and officials. “Why do army officers take precedence over civilian ministers, and why should the military ADCs be present at all around an elected prime minister?” asked a foreign diplomat, saying this was not only paradoxical but also reminiscent of military dictatorships where the ruler cannot think without uniformed officers. Secondly, observed another foreigner, a ten-minute long recitation of the Holy Quran in the presence of dozens of foreigners also appears out of step with the demands of time. Thirdly, in his talk with the media, Sharif played down the impact of the PTI sit-in by saying it “posed no threat to the government but had inflicted losses on the economy.” The foreign participant wondered as to how the premier could draw consolation from the fact that “his government remains unaffected, though the economy has taken a hit by Imran Khan’s protest.” Does it mean the loss to economy is inconsequential to the country simply because the government remains intact? “Why can’t Pakistani leaders be candid and clear in their diagnosis of the issues facing the country?” asked the diplomat, saying the diplomatic community has not been able to figure out as to what is Pakistan’s fundamental interest. The Pakistan leadership’s failure in spelling out its core interest is baffling for all those who would want to help the country. A report by the Independent Monitoring Board (IMB) of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (released on Oct...

Don’t miss Exclusive PTV show Hum Bhi Pakistan about “North Waziristan IDP Crises: IDP Rights and FATA Reforms” on Saturday, Nov 01, 2014, at 6:00 pm on PTV News

Topic:    North Waziristan IDP Crises: IDP Rights and FATA Reforms Guests:  1 Asad Afridi QWP Khyber Agency​ 2. Rakhshinda Naz Aurat Foundation 3. Malik Ghulam Muhammad IDP North Waziristan Theme: The programme establishes a link between the IDPs crisis and the struggle for their rights and reforms in FATA, highlighting importance of the IDPs participation in political, civic and community life with particular focus on the IDP women and children. The rights of the IDPs are explained in the light of Pakistani and international laws, addressing the questions: whether these laws are being violated and, if yes, how can the rights of the IDPs be protected? Similarly, the programme also highlights the situation on ground to create a demand for reforms in FATA.    

TOP STORIES

TESTIMONIALS

I am also a member of National Assembly’s Standing Committee on Information and Broadcasting. Recently, we held a meeting with the Director General of Radio Pakistan and we told them to initiate such local programs (like Constituency Hour) in regional languages to educate and inform people. Even Indian Radio can be heard in FATA which is being used for propaganda purposes and must be closed. Therefore, we should launch some standard and quality programs like CRSS that will change the taste of the listeners.

Soniya Shams

Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar