Current Projects

Do not miss exclusive PTV show ‘Hum Bhi Pakistan’ on FATA Reforms on Saturday, Dec 6 at 6:00 p.m.

Topic: Reforms in FATA; what are the hindrances? Guests: Ayesha Syed (member Parliament of Jamaat-e-Islami) Zar Ali Khan Afridi (social activist) Theme: The program focuses on the primary role of the Parliament (National Assembly & Senate) and the hindrances that come in the way of legislation on FATA. The discussion will primarily focus on the following core questions surrounding the empathy of the mainstream political parties towards FATA. Is it necessary to amend the Constitution of 1973 and enable the Parliamentarians to legislate on FATA by passing the powers  of legislation under the Article 247 to the Parliament? Why Reforms are taking so long? How women and their rights are affected? Would FATA could be mainstreamed and brought at paar with the rest of Pakistan? Will the situation in FFATA become normal under the current constitutional status? WATCH EPISODE - 09 PROMO https://vimeo.com/113695922

Steel trap

Most of Pakistan’s state-owned corporations are in the red, and profusely bleeding. Even the Privatization Commission and Pakistan Cricket Board are living off the blood and sweat of poor Pakistanis. In 2013-14 alone, the federal government doled out about Rs 95 billion to a handful of state corporations in the name of stabilization and restructuring. Among them, Pakistan Steel Mills (PSM) stands out as a white elephant – surviving on massive financial infusions by the central government for decades, with its resources being plundered by the colluding trio of the management, the contractors and the suppliers. In April, the government handed out an Rs 18.5 billion bailout package to this den of corruption, where according to a presentation to the prime minister in April 2013, average monthly losses run at a whopping Rs 1.5 billion. In 2009, the PSM received a bailout package of Rs 40.5 billion. Yet, the massive corruption, mismanagement and vested interests have rendered it good for nothing, with the result that in October, the plant could produce only 1,870 tons of iron and steel – a small fraction of its daily capacity of 91,667 tons. In fact, it has been running at a mere ten percent of its capacity most of the time in the last several years. Insiders say its cumulative liabilities currently stand at over Rs 260 billion. “The landmass alone is priceless; it’s like a gold mine”  The PSM has been a classic case of managerial fraud, willful bureaucratic deception, political patronage of professional incompetence, and blatant abuse of the governmental authority to appoint cronies. Why then do we continue injecting money into a bottomless pit? Potential investors with inside knowledge say the Pakistan Steel Mills promise much more than what the doctored balance sheets say. An encounter with an industry lobbyist offers an instructive insight into the reasons behind the scramble for the PSM. After a tour of the massive premises in July 2005, a German member of...

European Union Ambassador’s address to Foreign Affairs Committee of Pakistan’s National Assembly

The European Union (EU) has voiced serious concern over worsening ties between Pakistan and India, urging the two nuclear-armed neighbours to resume the stalled peace process. EU Ambassador Lars-Gunnar Wigemark addressed Foreign Affairs committee of the National Assembly on Wednesday, December 3.  Apart from India-Pakistan stalled peace process, he also urges on the need of reforms in political system, devolution of power to the grass root level, deteriorating situation of Human Rights and uplift of the Pakistan economy. Below is the speech of EU ambassador •Dear Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee, honourable members of the National Assembly, thank you very much for giving me the opportunity to address you on EU-Pakistan relations. •We have been working hard in recent years to strengthen EU-Pakistan relations, expanding beyond the traditional sectors of trade and development cooperation. To this end, the EU and Pakistan adopted in 2012 a 5-Year Engagement Plan. Pakistan is the only country with which such a Plan exists, illustrating the importance we attach to our relationship. •The Engagement Plan aims at facilitating cooperation on a wide range of issues, including democracy, human rights, rule of law, economic cooperation, energy, counter terrorism and migration. We are now working to implement this Plan and to translate it into concrete results. •2013 already bore of this Engagement Plan with two very important milestones: the EU Election Observation Mission for the general elections in May and the granting of GSP+ status for Pakistan in December. •At the end of 2014, the EU will start rolling out its next seven year framework for development cooperation with Pakistan with a budget of €653 million. It is a 53% increase compared to the previous seven years, demonstrating the seriousness of our commitment. Our programmes will focus on rural development, education, rule of law, respect for human rights, strengthening of democratic institutions, economic...

Pakistan and the crucible of terror

Within days of the terrorist attacks on the twin towers in New York and the Pentagon on 11 September 2001, Pakistan became an inseparable element in calculations about responding to al-Qaeda. Not only was Pakistan seen as a potential springboard for punitive action against the transnational organization but it also came to be regarded as a crucible of terrorism. The global image of Pakistan today is rooted in preconceptions about the country’s role in international terrorism. It is often thought that the leaders of al-Qaeda and the Taliban are hiding in Pakistan, and that terrorist groups of all shades, including those inimical to India, China, the US and the West at large, use Pakistani territory for their operations. Another preconception is that sections of the Pakistani military establishment maintain close links with such Islamist radical groups as the Haqqani Network, Afghan Taliban and Lashkare-Taiba (LeT), which focuses its attention on India. These entrenched preconceptions form part of the global discourse on counter-terrorism that continues to stigmatise Pakistan. The situation is not without debilitating socio-political and economic costs. Pakistan has lost over 50,000 people since becoming part of the US-led war on terror. Its economy has suffered because of the ensuing security crisis. According to Pakistani journalist Ismail Khan, Pakistan’s economy has suffered a US$78 billion loss in the last 10 years due to terrorism alone. Is Pakistan alone responsible or did US-led global geopolitics suck it into this dire situation? Or is it a combination of both? In the 1980s, to counter the Soviet Union’s invasion in Afghanistan, young jihadis (‘holy warriors’) were trained in Pakistan’s semi-autonomous, practically lawless western border tribal areas—popularly known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). Since then, the area has served as a training ground for terrorist activities both in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Militant networks nestled there...

Drone attacks and public discourse around the globe

The first known missile strike by a US drone in Pakistani territory was carried out in the year 2004, in South Waziristan. Five people, including local Taliban commander Nek Mohammad –who was linked to an assassination plot to kill the country’s military ruler General Pervez Musharraf – were killed in the attack. Wary of naming the CIA in fear of political backlash and public reaction, Pakistan Army owned the attack. The truth, however, remained buried until April 2013 when New York Times dug it out. In a report, it said that the Taliban commander was killed as part of an understanding that allowed the CIA access to Pakistan’s airspace for drone strikes to hunt down its own enemies – the Taliban. The public discourse was, however, immensely affected. The Pakistani government publicly denounced these attacks but reportedly allowed the CIA to operate drones from Shamsi airfield. Secret diplomatic cables made public on Wikileaks revealed that Pakistan’s former army chief General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani had tacitly agreed to increased drone operations in 2008. Pakistan denounced the attacks publicly but allowed CIA to operate drones from its Shamsi airfield  In March 2013, United Nations special rapporteur Ben Emmerson, who led a team to look into the civilian casualties from the CIA drone attacks, confirmed that the attacks were a violation of the sovereignty of Pakistan. But he also pointed out in his report that government officials in Pakistan unambiguously said that the country did not agree to the drone attacks. However, this was contradicted by the US officials. The drone strikes were stopped in November 2011 after the NATO forces killed 24 Pakistani soldiers in the Salala incident. As a consequence, the Americans were asked to evacuate the Shamsi airfield. It was for the first time that Pakistan officially but circuitously confirmed that drone strikes were carried out from Shamsi. Drone attacks in Somalia are carried out from the AFRICOM headquarters in Germany...

Between Scylla and Charybdis: life in Pakistan’s tribal frontier

The Federally Administered Tribal Areas touching Pakistan’s border with Afghanistan suffer a toxic mix of state and non-state violence and neglect. The consequences are unlikely to be good. Whether it’s the drone strikes, terrorism or military operations in FATA, all of them lead to the killing of the innocent people. Through drone strikes, civilian casualties occur and through military operations hatred and enmity against the state multiplies. These are the sentiments of a Pakistani student from Frontier Region Bannu in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). At Pakistan’s lawless frontier, this is a semi-autonomous entity abutting Afghanistan, governed through tribal codes and rules known as the Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR). Although commonly seen as jammed between two major evils, the Pakistan army and the Taliban, its inhabitants also face a third, unseen—CIA-operated drone strikes. While FATA was used as a springboard for training ‘fighters’ for the anti-Soviet Afghan jihad in the 1980s, it was still relatively stable and peaceful until the onset of the ‘war on terror’ in 2001. Soon after the US and its allies initiated ‘Operation Enduring Freedom’ in the wake of the ‘9/11’ attacks, FATA again became the centre of attention, a safe haven for the Taliban and other militant factions such as al-Qaeda and the Haqqani network. The Pakistani government has since periodically launched military offensives and brokered peace accords, yet none of these efforts has established an enduring peace in FATA. And locals bear the brunt of the offensives, forcing many to leave their homes, as of the deals and the drone strikes. ‘Good’ Taliban? A female student from Kurram Agency, based in Islamabad, gave this assessment: FATA is lawless land and the government has different policies regarding use of force against some factions of the Taliban, where some are targeted whereas a few are ignored. But the people of FATA are suffering from every kind of militancy—whether...

What does Imran Khan want?

What does Imran Khan want — is it just power or a revolution? This question kept resonating at a recent conference in the UK. Most vocal among the enquirers were at least five foreign diplomats who are familiar with Pakistan because of their assignments in Islamabad. They all sounded sympathetic to the narrative that Khan peddles today i.e., rule of law, accountability, and peoples’ empowerment through district governments and autonomous national institutions. But they clearly differed with the PTI methodology (ouster of the government through sit-ins). Lots of critics at home, too, have had a similar contention with the PTI and its leadership, which have been oscillating between legitimate aspirations (mentioned above) and paradoxical approaches to fulfill those aspirations. Only a few weeks into the Islamabad dharna — once Khan and his cohorts diligently made their point about the rule of law and real democratic values — even sympathisers had begun requesting Khan and company to wrap up the protest and instead build upon the goodwill that the party received in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (K-P) and elsewhere. By discarding advice on how the party can consolidate its power base in K-P through institutional reforms and then showcase its achievements there, the entire leadership continues to silently tail Khan and be led by his belligerent, shallow, and at times, contradictory rhetoric. This has certainly taken the attention, even of the PTI leadership, off some of the good work that the party has silently done since the summer of 2013. In the first place, the PTI narrative since August has polarised the country in two camps i.e., forces of the status quo and those challenging it. The fact that none of the other parties, including the PPP and the PML-N, are in favour of local government elections also underscores their contempt for devolution. Secondly, (all based on personal experiences of people living in Peshawar, D I Khan and Kohat) no provincial police enjoys as much...

Role of Women in Policing Sindh

The Center for Research and Security Studies(CRSS) organised an Otaq (Public Meeting) in Badin, Sindh province of Pakistan on Wednesday November 26, 2014. The theme was “Role of Women Police and Protection of Women Rights”. Representatives from academia, civil society and female Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP), Ms. Naseem Ara Panwahar addressed the gathering. Ms. Panwahar while addressing the gathering stressed the need of induction of women in police department. She said, “the society must move forward and give confidence to female members of the family and encourage them to join police. In first place we have to give right status to females in the family. We must educate our daughters and support them in taking challenging tasks like police. We have to bring change in the attitude and mindset of the people and women also has to play their role towards achieving this goal”. Other speakers include Professor Tufail Chandio, Professor Abdullah Mallah, Abida Sammo, Samina Haider Qambrani, advocate Mazhar Memon also stressed the need to change the attitude towards women and empowering them so that they can play role in the development of society and the country.

Deadly Drones: Protect Innocent Civilians

A recent report by Open Society Foundations ‘After the Dead are Counted: U.S. and Pakistani Responsibilities to Victims of Drone Strikes’ recommends that concerted efforts should be made to investigate civilian loss and compensate victims of Drones. The report focuses on compensating the victims of drone attacks because innocent lives are also affected due to this. It also asks the government to fortify political reforms in FATA because the FCR is a threat to the basic rights of citizens of FATA. The report recommends that the U.S government make public any agreement signed with the Pakistani government regarding drone attacks beside making sure its drone operations observe international laws. The United States should also expand its civilian victim support programmes to drone affected families in FATA, the report recommends.  Below is a review of the report by Farooq Yousaf, a CRSS Research Analyst. The report focuses on a number of issues related to complexities in estimating the number of civilian casualties as well as the US and Pakistani Governments’ respective responsibilities towards the Drone victims in FATA, Pakistan. Researchers from Open Society Foundations and its partners analyse 27 drone strikes between 2009 and 2012 and civilian casualties in those strikes. Due to limited sample size and survey limitations, the reports also admit to its shortcomings of being unable to imply an average casualty rate in drone strikes. The total sample set for this report consists of 96 residents of FATA along with government officials from USA and Pakistan, experts as well as journalists reporting on the issue. This report is the first of its kind that focuses more on documented civilian deaths and the circumstances in which the victims were killed. Among many stories, the incident where a 12 year old boy, Arif, was killed during a strike on a guest house, hujra, stands out in terms of explaining the complexity of CIA drone operations. Although Arif was a common...

Community and Police

A Regional Conference on “Policing and Role of Community” was organized in Hyderabad, Sindh province of Pakistan on November 25, 2014. Deputy Inspector General (DIG) Hyderabad Sanaullah Abbasi, retired senior bureaucrat Mr. Gul Mohammad Umrani, Dr. Qasim Fareed, representative CPLC Hyderabad, representatives from business community, bar and member Sindh Assembly Ms. Rana Siddiqi attended the event. Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS) consultant Mr. Qaisar Mahmood gave introduction to the speakers and participants. He also briefed about the issues and highlighted the importance of reforms in the laws and capacity development of Sindh police. DIG Hyderabad Sanaullah Abbasi stressed the need of oversight of police to improve the working in order to ensure better and peoples friendly police. Such an oversight will make police more responsible, he added. Retired senior civil servant and a former Home Secretary Mr. Gul Mohammad Umrani stressed on good governance. He blasted on politicians for their desire to have and maintain a submissive police and even bureaucracy. CPLC representative Dr. Qasim Farid said people must take ownership of this police and work together with it to improve itsfunctioning. Speakers said there is a need to overhaul the police with a new legislation matching today’s challenges.

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TESTIMONIALS

I am also a member of National Assembly’s Standing Committee on Information and Broadcasting. Recently, we held a meeting with the Director General of Radio Pakistan and we told them to initiate such local programs (like Constituency Hour) in regional languages to educate and inform people. Even Indian Radio can be heard in FATA which is being used for propaganda purposes and must be closed. Therefore, we should launch some standard and quality programs like CRSS that will change the taste of the listeners.

Soniya Shams

Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar